Vertebral Arteries

Each vertebral artery arises from the subclavian artery and ascends through the transverse foramina of C1–C6. After penetrating the dura mater, the vertebral arteries then course along the inferior aspect of the medulla oblongata before converging into the basilar artery on the pons. The major branches are as follows:

• Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries: Course between the origins of cranial nerve (CN) X and CN XI en route to the inferior surface of the cerebellum.
• Posterior cerebral arteries: The terminal branches of the basilar artery provide vascular supply to that part of the brain base that is superior to the tentorium cerebelli. CN III and CN IV exit the brain between the superior cerebellar and the posterior cerebral arteries

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